Record Player vs Turntable: What's the Difference?

When exploring the world of vinyl, the terms “record player” and “turntable” are often used interchangeably, but are they really the same? If you’re new to vinyl or trying to upgrade your audio setup, understanding the distinction between a record player and a turntable is crucial.

What is a Turntable?

A turntable is a component of a vinyl record player designed specifically to play records. It consists of several key parts: the platter (where the record sits), the tonearm (which holds the cartridge and needle), and the motor (which spins the platter). A turntable by itself does not have built-in speakers, so it needs to be connected to an external speaker system to output sound.

Key Features of a Turntable:

• Motor & Platter: Spins the record at the correct speed (33⅓, 45, or 78 RPM).
• Tonearm: Moves the needle across the grooves of the record.
• Cartridge & Stylus: The needle that reads the vinyl’s grooves, converting vibrations into electrical signals.

For audiophiles, turntables are often considered the ultimate option because of the level of control they offer over the listening experience. They can be paired with high-quality speakers, amplifiers, and other components for optimal sound.

What is a Record Player?

A record player is an all-in-one unit that includes both a turntable and built-in speakers. This makes it much more convenient for casual listeners who want an easy, ready-to-go setup without the hassle of connecting additional audio equipment. 

Key Features of a Record Player:

• All-in-One System: Includes built-in speakers and often a pre-installed cartridge.
• Ease of Use: Designed for simplicity and ease of operation, making it ideal for beginners.
• Compact: Many record players are portable, allowing you to enjoy vinyl anywhere.

For those who are just getting started with vinyl or want a compact, simple solution, a record player is a great choice. However, for those seeking higher sound quality and more control, a turntable setup is typically preferred.

Key Differences Between a Record Player and a Turntable

Components: A turntable is just the spinning platter and tonearm mechanism, meaning it requires external speakers and amplifiers to produce sound. A record player, on the other hand, includes built-in speakers, an amplifier, and sometimes a preamp.

Sound Quality: A turntable connected to external high-quality speakers offers superior sound quality compared to a record player’s built-in speakers. Built-in speakers on a record player are often more limited in terms of volume, bass response, and clarity.

Customization: A turntable setup offers the flexibility to choose your components—whether you’re adding a Bluetooth turntable or high-end speakers, you have full control over your audio system. A record player is more of an all-in-one system and doesn’t provide much room for customization.

Turntable with Speaker Set: Some turntables come bundled with external speakers as part of a combo package. These turntables with speakers offer a balance of the turntable's high-quality spinning capabilities with the convenience of built-in sound, making them an appealing choice for users who want the best of both worlds.